Vuba aha, TCL Zhonghuan yatangaje ko yiyandikisha ku nguzanyo zishobora gutangwa na MAXN, isosiyete ifite imigabane, ku madolari miliyoni 200 y’amadolari y’Amerika yo gushyigikira ubushakashatsi n’iterambere ry’ibicuruzwa byayo bya Maxeon 7 bishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga rya batiri rya IBC. Ku munsi wambere wubucuruzi nyuma yo gutangazwa, igiciro cyimigabane ya TCL Central cyazamutse kumupaka. Kandi imigabane ya Aixu, ikoresha kandi tekinoroji ya batiri ya IBC, hamwe na bateri ya ABC igiye gukorerwa ku bwinshi, igiciro cyimigabane cyiyongereyeho inshuro zirenga 4 kuva ku ya 27 Mata.
Mugihe inganda zifotora zinjira buhoro buhoro mugihe cyubwoko bwa N, tekinoroji ya N yo mu bwoko bwa N ihagarariwe na TOPCon, HJT, na IBC yabaye intandaro yibigo bihatanira imiterere. Dukurikije imibare, TOPCon ifite ubushobozi bwo gutanga umusaruro uhari wa 54GW, hamwe n’ubwubatsi butubakwa kandi buteganijwe bwa 146GW; Ubushobozi bwa HJT buriho ni 7GW, kandi butubakwa kandi buteganijwe kubyazwa umusaruro ni 180GW.
Ariko, ugereranije na TOPCon na HJT, ntamahuriro menshi ya IBC. Muri ako karere hari ibigo bike gusa, nka TCL Central, Aixu, na LONGi Green Energy. Igipimo rusange cyibihari, kirimo kubakwa hamwe nubushobozi buteganijwe bwo gukora ntibirenza 30GW. Ugomba kumenya ko IBC, ifite amateka yimyaka hafi 40, yamaze gucuruzwa, inzira yumusaruro irakuze, kandi imikorere nigiciro byombi bifite inyungu zimwe. None, niyihe mpamvu ituma IBC itaba inzira nyamukuru yikoranabuhanga ryinganda?
Ihuriro rya tekinoroji yo guhindura imikorere neza, isura nziza nubukungu
Ukurikije amakuru, IBC ni selile ya Photovoltaic selile ihuza inyuma ninyuma. Yatanzwe bwa mbere na SunPower kandi ifite amateka yimyaka hafi 40. Uruhande rwimbere rwakira SiNx / SiOx ibyiciro bibiri birwanya anti-reaction passivation idafite imirongo ya gride; na emitter, umurima winyuma hamwe nicyuma cyiza kandi kibi cya electrode ihuriweho inyuma ya bateri muburyo butandukanye. Kubera ko uruhande rwimbere rudahagaritswe numurongo wa gride, urumuri rwibyabaye rushobora gukoreshwa kurwego ntarengwa, ahantu heza hashobora gutanga urumuri rushobora kwiyongera, igihombo cya optique kirashobora kugabanuka, kandi intego yo kuzamura imikorere yifoto irashobora kuba byagezweho.
Amakuru yerekana ko igipimo cyo guhindura imikorere ya IBC ari 29.1%, kiri hejuru ya 28.7% na 28.5% ya TOPCon na HJT. Kugeza ubu, impuzandengo yo guhindura umusaruro mwinshi wa tekinoroji ya selile ya MABCN ya MAXN igeze hejuru ya 25%, kandi biteganijwe ko ibicuruzwa bishya Maxeon 7 byiyongera bikagera kuri 26%; impuzandengo yo guhindura imikorere ya selile ABC ya Aixu biteganijwe ko izagera kuri 25.5%, uburyo bwiza bwo guhindura ibintu muri laboratoire Ubushobozi buri hejuru ya 26.1%. Ibinyuranye, impuzandengo yo guhindura umusaruro mwinshi wa TOPCon na HJT yashyizwe ahagaragara namasosiyete muri rusange iri hagati ya 24% na 25%.
Kwungukira ku miterere y'uruhande rumwe, IBC irashobora kandi kurengerwa na TOPCon, HJT, perovskite hamwe nubundi buryo bwa tekinoroji ya batiri kugirango ikore TBC, HBC na PSC IBC hamwe nuburyo bwiza bwo guhindura, bityo bizwi kandi nka "tekinoroji ya platform". Kugeza ubu, imikorere ya laboratoire yo hejuru ya TBC na HBC igeze kuri 26.1% na 26.7%. Ukurikije ibisubizo byigero byimikorere ya selire ya PSC IBC yakozwe nitsinda ryubushakashatsi bw’amahanga, imikorere yo guhindura imiterere ya 3-T imiterere PSC IBC yateguye kuri selire yo hasi ya IBC hamwe na 25% ifotora amashanyarazi ihinduranya neza imbere igera kuri 35.2%.
Mugihe uburyo bwiza bwo guhindura ibintu ari hejuru, IBC nayo ifite ubukungu bukomeye. Dukurikije ibigereranyo by’inzobere mu nganda, ikiguzi kiriho kuri W ya TOPCon na HJT ni 0.04-0.05 Yuan / W na 0.2 Yuan / W hejuru ya PERC, kandi amasosiyete azi neza gahunda y’umusaruro wa IBC ashobora kugera ku giciro kimwe nka PERC. Kimwe na HJT, ishoramari ryibikoresho bya IBC ni ryinshi, rigeze kuri miliyoni 300 Yuan / GW. Ariko, kungukirwa nibiranga gukoresha ifeza nkeya, igiciro kuri W ya IBC kiri hasi. Twabibutsa ko ABC ya Aixu yageze ku ikoranabuhanga ridafite ifeza.
Mubyongeyeho, IBC ifite isura nziza kuko idahagaritswe numurongo wa gride imbere, kandi irakwiriye muburyo bwo murugo no kugabura amasoko nka BIPV. By'umwihariko ku isoko ridahenze ku isoko ry’abaguzi, abaguzi barashaka cyane kwishyura amafaranga yo kugaragara neza. Kurugero, modul yumukara, izwi cyane kumasoko yurugo mubihugu bimwe byuburayi, ifite urwego rwo hejuru kurenza moderi isanzwe ya PERC kuko nibyiza cyane guhuza nibisenge byijimye. Ariko, kubera ikibazo cyibikorwa byo kwitegura, imikorere yo guhindura modul yumukara iri munsi yubwa moderi ya PERC, mugihe IBC "isanzwe nziza" IBC idafite ikibazo nkicyo. Ifite isura nziza nuburyo bwo guhindura ibintu neza, so progaramu ya progaramu Yagutse kandi nubushobozi bukomeye bwibicuruzwa.
Ibikorwa byo kubyara birakuze, ariko ingorane za tekinike ni nyinshi
Ko IBC ifite uburyo bwiza bwo guhindura hamwe nibyiza byubukungu, kuki ibigo bike bikoresha IBC? Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, ibigo byonyine bigenzura neza umusaruro wa IBC birashobora kugira ikiguzi gisa nkicya PERC. Kubwibyo, inzira igoye yo kubyara, cyane cyane kubaho kwubwoko bwinshi bwimikorere ya semiconductor, nimpamvu nyamukuru yo "gukusanya".
Mubisobanuro gakondo, IBC ifite inzira eshatu zinzira: imwe ninzira ya kera ya IBC ihagarariwe na SunPower, indi ni inzira ya POLO-IBC ihagarariwe na ISFH (TBC ifite inkomoko imwe nki), naho iya gatatu irahagarariwe na Kaneka HBC inzira. Inzira ya tekinoroji ya ABC ya Aixu irashobora gufatwa nkinzira ya kane yikoranabuhanga.
Urebye gukura mubikorwa byumusaruro, IBC isanzwe imaze kugera kumusaruro rusange. Amakuru yerekana ko SunPower yohereje ibice miliyari 3,5; ABC izagera ku musaruro rusange wa 6.5GW mu gihembwe cya gatatu cy'uyu mwaka. Ibigize urukurikirane rwa "Black Hole" yikoranabuhanga. Ugereranije, tekinoroji ya TBC na HBC ntabwo ikuze bihagije, kandi bizatwara igihe cyo kumenya ibicuruzwa.
Byihariye mubikorwa byo gukora, impinduka nyamukuru ya IBC ugereranije na PERC, TOPCon, na HJT iri muburyo bwa electrode yinyuma, ni ukuvuga ko hashyizweho p + akarere hamwe n + akarere, nako nurufunguzo rwo kugira ingaruka kumikorere ya bateri . Mubikorwa byo gukora bya kera bya IBC, iboneza rya electrode yinyuma ikubiyemo uburyo butatu: icapiro rya ecran, laser etching, hamwe no gushiramo ion, bikavamo inzira eshatu zitandukanye, kandi buri sub-nzira ihuye nibikorwa byinshi nka 14 intambwe, intambwe 12 n'intambwe 9.
Amakuru yerekana ko nubwo ecran ya ecran hamwe na tekinoroji ikuze isa nkiyoroshye hejuru, ifite ibyiza byingenzi byigiciro. Ariko, kubera ko byoroshye gutera inenge hejuru ya bateri, ingaruka ya doping iragoye kuyigenzura, kandi harasabwa uburyo bwinshi bwo gucapa ecran hamwe nuburyo bunoze bwo guhuza, bityo bikongerera ingorane nigiciro cyumusaruro. Gutera Laser bifite ibyiza byo guhuza hamwe no kugenzura ubwoko bwa doping, ariko inzira iragoye kandi iragoye. Gutera Ion bifite ibimenyetso biranga kugenzura neza no gukwirakwiza neza, ariko ibikoresho byayo birazimvye kandi biroroshye guteza ibyangiritse.
Urebye kubikorwa bya ABC byakozwe na Aixu, bifata cyane cyane uburyo bwo guterura laser, kandi inzira yo kubyara ifite intambwe zigera kuri 14. Nk’uko amakuru yatangajwe n’uru ruganda mu nama yo kungurana ibitekerezo, umusaruro w’umusaruro rusange wa ABC uri 95% gusa, ibyo bikaba biri munsi ya 98% ya PERC na HJT. Ugomba kumenya ko Aixu numushinga wabigize umwuga ufite ubuhanga bwimbitse, kandi ubwinshi bwoherejwe buza kumwanya wa kabiri kwisi umwaka wose. Ibi kandi byemeza mu buryo butaziguye ko ingorane zo gutunganya umusaruro wa IBC ari nyinshi.
Imwe mu nzira izakurikiraho ya tekinoroji ya TOPCon na HJT
Nubwo gahunda yo kubyaza umusaruro IBC igoye cyane, uburyo bwa tekinike yuburyo bwa tekinoroji burenze urugero rwo hejuru rwo guhindura imikorere, rushobora kwagura neza ubuzima bwikoranabuhanga, mugihe hagomba kubaho irushanwa ryisoko ryibigo, birashobora kandi kugabanya imikorere yatewe no gutezimbere ikoranabuhanga. . ibyago. By'umwihariko, gutondekanya hamwe na TOPCon, HJT, na perovskite kugirango ukore bateri ya tandem ifite ubushobozi bwo guhindura ibintu byumvikanyweho n’inganda nkimwe mu nzira nyamukuru y’ikoranabuhanga mu bihe biri imbere. Kubwibyo, IBC birashoboka ko izahinduka imwe mumasekuruza azakurikiraho yikoranabuhanga rya TOPCon na HJT. Kugeza ubu, ibigo byinshi byagaragaje ko birimo gukora ubushakashatsi mu bya tekiniki.
By'umwihariko, TBC yashizweho na superposition ya TOPCon na IBC ikoresha tekinoroji ya POLO kuri IBC idafite ingabo imbere, itezimbere ingaruka za passivation hamwe na voltage yumuzunguruko utabuze amashanyarazi, bityo bikazamura imikorere ya foto yamashanyarazi. TBC ifite ibyiza byo gutuza kwiza, uburyo bwiza bwo guhitamo passivation itumanaho no guhuza cyane na tekinoroji ya IBC. Ingorane za tekinike yuburyo bwo kuyibyaza umusaruro ziri mu bwigunge bwa electrode yinyuma, uburinganire bwubwiza bwa passivation ya polysilicon, hamwe no guhuza inzira ya IBC.
HBC yashizweho na superposition ya HJT na IBC nta electrode ikingira hejuru yimbere, kandi ikoresha urwego rwo kurwanya anti-reaction aho gukoresha TCO, ifite igihombo gike cya optique hamwe nigiciro gito mugihe gito. Bitewe ningaruka nziza ya passivation hamwe na coefficient yubushyuhe bwo hasi, HBC ifite ibyiza bigaragara muburyo bwo guhindura imikorere ya bateri, kandi mugihe kimwe, ingufu z'amashanyarazi kumpera ya module nayo iri hejuru. Nyamara, ibibazo byumusaruro nkibibazo bya electrode bikabije, inzira igoye hamwe nidirishya rito rya IBC biracyari ingorane zibangamira inganda zayo.
PSC IBC yashizweho nubusumbane bwa perovskite na IBC irashobora kumenya uburyo bwo kwinjiza ibintu byuzuzanya, hanyuma bikazamura imikorere yo guhindura amashanyarazi hifashishijwe uburyo bwo gukoresha imirasire yizuba. Nubwo uburyo bwiza bwo guhindura imikorere ya PSC IBC buri hejuru cyane muburyo bwo hejuru, ingaruka kumutekano wibicuruzwa bya selile ya kristaline nyuma yo gutondekanya no guhuza ibikorwa byumusaruro hamwe numurongo uhari biriho nimwe mubintu byingenzi bibuza iterambere.
Kuyobora "Ubukungu Bwiza" bwinganda za Photovoltaic
Uhereye kurwego rwo gusaba, hamwe no gutangira amasoko yagabanijwe kwisi yose, ibicuruzwa bya module ya IBC bifite imikorere ihindagurika kandi igaragara cyane ifite iterambere ryagutse. By'umwihariko, ibintu bifite agaciro kanini birashobora guhaza abakiriya gukurikirana "ubwiza", kandi biteganijwe ko bazabona ibicuruzwa bimwe bihebuje. Twifashishije inganda zikoreshwa mu rugo, “ubukungu bugaragara” bwahindutse imbaraga z’iterambere ry’isoko mbere y’icyorezo, mu gihe ayo masosiyete yibanda gusa ku bwiza bw’ibicuruzwa yagiye atereranwa n’abaguzi buhoro buhoro. Mubyongeyeho, IBC nayo irakwiriye cyane kuri BIPV, izaba ishobora gukura mugihe giciriritse cyangwa kirekire.
Ku bijyanye n’imiterere y’isoko, kuri ubu hari abakinnyi bake mu murima wa IBC, nka TCL Zhonghuan (MAXN), LONGi Green Energy na Aixu, mu gihe umugabane w’isoko wagabanijwe umaze kurenga kimwe cya kabiri cy’amafoto rusange. isoko. By'umwihariko hamwe n’ikwirakwizwa ryuzuye ry’isoko ry’ibikoresho byo mu rugo by’i Burayi, bitita cyane ku biciro, bikora neza kandi bifite agaciro gakomeye ibicuruzwa bya module ya IBC birashoboka ko bikundwa n’abaguzi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-02-2022